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\u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09c7 \u09a2\u09be\u0995\u09be \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09df \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u09ae \u098f \u09aa\u09be\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09b0 \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u099a\u09c0\u09a4\u09c7 (\u09a4\u09a6\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09a8 \u09aa\u09b6\u09cd\u099a\u09bf\u09ae \u09aa\u09be\u0995\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8) \u09a4\u09a4\u09cd\u200d\u0995\u09be\u09b2\u09c0\u09a8 \u09aa\u09be\u0995\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8 \u0987\u09a8\u09b8\u09cd\u099f\u09bf\u099f\u09bf\u0989\u099f \u0985\u09ac \u09a1\u09c7\u09ad\u09c7\u09b2\u09aa\u09ae\u09c7\u09a8\u09cd\u099f \u0987\u0995\u09a8\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09cd\u09b8-\u098f\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">(PIDE)<\/span>\u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u0995 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09b6\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 (\u09e7\u09ef\u09ec\u09e9 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2)\u0964 \u0986\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5-\u09b8\u09be\u09ae\u09be\u099c\u09bf\u0995 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u0995\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c7\u09a4\u09cd\u09b0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7 \u09af\u09c7 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09bf\u09b2\u09c7\u09a8, \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09b2\u09b8 \u09aa\u09b0\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09b0\u09ae, \u098f\u0995\u09be\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09be \u0993 \u0995\u09a0\u09bf\u09a8 \u09ae\u09be\u09a8\u09b8\u09bf\u0995 \u09b6\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b0 \u09a6\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u09b0\u09be \u09b8\u09c7\u0987 \u099a\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u099e\u09cd\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09ae\u09cb\u0995\u09be\u09ac\u09c7\u09b2\u09be \u0995\u09b0\u09a4\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09ae \u09b9\u09df\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u0998 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0985\u09a8\u09c7\u0995 \u09a6\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u0993 \u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09a4\u09ac\u09cd\u09af \u09aa\u09be\u09b2\u09a8 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09af\u09c7\u09ae\u09a8:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">On the research staff of PIDE\/Bangladesh Institute of Development Studies (BIDS) 1964- 1987, was Research Director when he left BIDS in 1987.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Consultant to Economic Development Institute (EDI) of the World Bank (1975 &amp; 1976).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">President, Bangladesh Economic Association (BEA) (2002-\u0964); Vice President, BEA (1979-81); General Secretary, BEA (1977-79).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">President, (Kuala Lumpur-based) Association of Development Research and Training Institutes of Asia and the Pacific (ADIPA), (October 1979-June 1983); was Vice President of ADIPA from 1977-79.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Research Advisory Committee, Press Institute of Bangladesh (1979- 80).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Research Advisory Committee, Bangladesh Management Development Centre (1978-81).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Senate, Jahangirnagar University, (1985- 88).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">President, Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP) 1980- 1985 and again (Chairman as the post was re-designated) since February 1987).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Executive Board, Foundation for Research on EducationalPlanning and Development, Dhaka (1995-).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Visiting Scholar at the OECD Development Centre, Paris, France (October- November 1980).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Editor, &#8216;Unnayan Bitarka&#8217; Quarterly Journal of Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (December 1981- ).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Board of Trustees of BIDS (from 1983 to September 1987 and again from 1991 to December 1994).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Convener, Steering Committee, National Association of Social Sciences, Bangladesh (November 1983-November 1984); Member of the Presidium and Secretary General of the Association (November 1984-January 1987); and Vice President, 1987-91).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Global Vice President, (Rome-based) Society for International Development (SID) (March 1988-May 1991); President, SID-Bangladesh Chapter (March 1986-March 1991); and Chairman, SID- South Asia Committee, (December 1985- March 1987).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Senate, Jahangirnagar University (June 1985- 1988).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Social Science Research Evaluation Committee,Bangladesh University Grants Commission (1986-89).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Expert Member, Selection Committee for the Appointment of Research Professor (Social Science) Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (February 1987- 94).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Consultant, Asian Development Bank (ADB), Manila\/Centre on Integrated Renal Development of Asia and Pacific (CIRDAP), Dhaka, February-June 1988<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Bangladesh-UNESCO National Commission for Education (during 1990s<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Senate, Dhaka University (1991-94).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Taught courses in economics to MA Final year in the University of Dhaka during 1973-79.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Consultant, UN Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) in 1991-carried out a one-member IFAD Strategy Mission to Pakistan.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Short-term Consultant to United Nations Food &amp; Agriculture Organization (FAO), Rome (during 1981, 1982, 1984, 1985 and 1991-96). Led UN FAO\/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Missions, over the years, to many countries facing severe food shortages, including: (a) Laos, February- March 1994; (b) Somalia, November 1994; (c) Angola, April- May 1995; (d) Iraq, August-September 1995; (e) Laos, October 1995; (f) Cambodia, January-February 1996; (g) Angola, April-May 1996; (h) Cambodia, January-February 1997; (i) Uganda, February- March 1997; (j) Iraq, July 1997; (k) Mozambique, April-May 1998; (l) North Korea, October-November 1998; (m) Afghanistan, May-June 1999 and May 2000; (n) Baluchistan, Pakistan concurrently with Mission to Afghanistan, May- June 2000; (o) Tajikistan, July 2000: (p) \u0964Afghanistan, May 2001; (q) DPR Korea, September-October 2001; (r) Zimbabwe, April-May 2002; (s) Zimbabwe, April-May 2003; (t) Eritrea, October-November 2003; (u) Zimbabwe, April-May 2004.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, ILO TSS1 Multidisciplinary Mission on Employment Promotion and the Development of Small and Micro Enterprises. Led or participated in ILO Missions, including, to: (a) Sri Lanka, 6-21 June 1994; (b) Nepal, 20 March-7 April 1995<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Have directed the following seminal studies, among others:(a) Greenhouse Effect and Climate Change: An Assessment of the Effects on Bangladesh (started in 1993 and completed in 2000 in two phases); (b) Resources, Environment, and National Development with Particular Reference to Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Barak Basins (started in 1991 and completed in 2001 in two phases).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Co-Editor, Asia Pacific Journal on Environment and Development, published twice a year by Bangladesh Unnayan Parishad (BUP), Dhaka (June 1994- ).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Selection Committee for Professors and Associate Professors, Faculty of Commerce, University of Dhaka, for several years in the 1990s.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Academic Council, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka (1995-97).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Governing Board, Institute of Flood Control and Drainage Research and also of Academic Council, Bangladesh University of Engineering &amp; Technology (BUET), Dhaka (1995-1998).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Adviser, National Water Management Plan (1997-2001).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, National Water Council, Government of Bangladesh (January 1997-2001.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Council Member, Asiatic Society of Bangladesh (January 1998- 99).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Syndicate (1997-1999), Shahjalal University of Science &amp; Technology, Sylhet (1997- 1999).<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Convener, Committee on Reorganization of Bangladesh Shilpa Bank and Bangladesh Shilpa Rin Shangstha, 1998-99.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Committee that designed Education Policy 2000 (based on an evaluation of 1997 report of Committee on Education, and proposing implementation and financing measures), 1998- 2001.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Coordinating Lead Author, Working Group II (Chapter 2), Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 1999-2001. Lead Author, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)-Fourth Assessment, 2004-2007.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of the Syndicate, Bangladesh University of Engineering &amp; Technology (BUET), Dhaka, 2000-2004.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Chairman, Steering Committee, Bangladesh Social and Economic Forum 2001 held in Dhaka, May 2001.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Convener of the Task Force on Climate Change and Its Impact on Water Sector set up by the South Asia Technical Advisory Committee (SASTAC) of GWP, Stockholm, Sweden, 2001.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member of The Energy Task Force set up by the South Asia Centre for Policy Studies (SACEPS), 2001-<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Member, Steering Committee, Flood Study Programme of Stockholm-based Global Water Partnership (GWP), Sweden, August 2001- 2003.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Chairman, South Asia Adaptation Network (SAAN), 2004-<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Founding Member, International Flood Network (IFNET), Japan, set up in 2003.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">\u00a0Note: Blank after dash means continuation of the responsibility.]<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0995\u09b0\u09cd\u09ae\u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u098f\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u0985\u09ac\u09b8\u09b0 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u09a8\u09bf \u09ac\u09b0\u0982 \u09a6\u09be\u09df\u09bf\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u098f\u0996\u09a8 \u0986\u09b0\u09cb \u09ac\u09c7\u09dc\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u0996\u09b2\u09c0\u0995\u09c1\u099c\u09cd\u099c\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u098f\u0996\u09a8\u09cb \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 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\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u0989\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8\u09df\u09a8\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">(Studies on Rural Industries Development)\u00a0<\/span>\u09b6\u09c0\u09b0\u09cd\u09b7\u0995 \u0986\u09b0\u09cb \u098f\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be\u09df \u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09cb\u099c\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09b9\u09c1 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u099c\u09cd\u099e\u09a6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09ae\u09a8\u09cd\u09ac\u09df\u09c7 \u0997\u09a0\u09bf\u09a4 \u099f\u09bf\u09ae\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09c3\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac \u09a6\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf\u0964 \u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c0\u09a3 \u09b6\u09bf\u09b2\u09cd\u09aa \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u0995 \u098f\u0987 \u0997\u09ac\u09c7\u09b7\u09a3\u09be \u09a6\u09c1\u099f\u09bf \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0995\u09cd\u09b7\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09b0 \u0993 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Bangladesh&#8221;\u00a0<\/span>\u09b9\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a1\u09c7\u09b0\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Kluwer<\/span>\u00a0\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09a8\u09be \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be\u09a8 \u09e7\u09ef\u09ef\u09ec \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u0964 \u098f\u0987 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b7\u09df\u09c7 \u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u0993\u09aa\u09b0 \u098f\u099f\u09bf\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a5\u09ae \u0997\u09c1\u09b0\u09c1\u09a4\u09cd\u09ac\u09aa\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u09a3 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09a8\u09be\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u09ac\u09be\u0982\u09b2\u09be\u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u099c\u09be\u09a4\u09c0\u09df \u09b8\u09ae\u09b8\u09cd\u09af\u09be \u09aa\u09be\u09a8\u09bf\u09b0 \u0989\u09aa\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ad\u09bf\u09a8\u09cd\u09a8 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\u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u0995\u09be\u09b6\u09bf\u09a4 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b6\u09cd\u09ac\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09ad\u09be\u09ac\u09b6\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09aa\u09be\u0981\u099a\u09b6\u09a4 \u09a8\u09c7\u09a4\u09be\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">(Five Hundred Leaders of Influence)\u00a0<\/span>\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09a8\u09cd\u09a5\u09c7 \u09a4\u09be\u0981\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u0985\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09ad\u09c2\u09b0\u09cd\u0995\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u0964 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u09e7\u09ef\u09ef\u09ea \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7 \u09a8\u09bf\u0989 \u0987\u09df\u09b0\u09cd\u0995 \u098f\u0995\u09be\u09a1\u09c7\u09ae\u09c0 \u0985\u09ac \u09b8\u09be\u0987\u09a8\u09cd\u09b8\u09c7\u09b8\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">(New York Academy of Sciences)<\/span>-\u098f\u09b0 \u09b8\u09a6\u09b8\u09cd\u09af \u09a8\u09bf\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09be\u099a\u09bf\u09a4 \u09b9\u09a8\u0964 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\u0985\u09a8\u09ac\u09b0\u09a4 \u09b2\u09bf\u0996\u09c7\u0987 \u099a\u09b2\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09a8\u09bf\u099a\u09c7 \u0995\u09df\u09c7\u0995\u099f\u09bf \u09ac\u0987\u09df\u09c7\u09b0 \u09a8\u09be\u09ae \u09a6\u09c7\u09df\u09be \u09b9\u09b2\u09cb:<\/p>\n<p><i><span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">\u09e7. Shaping the Future of Bangladesh, Bangladesh Economic Association (BEA)\/ Bangladesh Young Economists Association (BYEA), Dhaka, 2006.<br \/>\n\u09e8. Emerging Global Economic Order and the Developing Countries, (editor), University Press Ltd., Dhaka, 2006.<br \/>\n\u09e9. Climate Change and Water Resources in South Asia, (co-editor with M. Q. Mirza), Tailor and Francis, London, UK, 2005.<br \/>\n\u09ea. The Implications of Climate and Sea Level Change for Bangladesh, (co-editor with R. A. Warrick), Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands, 1996.<br \/>\n\u09eb. Energy Security in Bangladesh, (author and co- editor), Academic Publishers Ltd., Dhaka, June 2005.<br \/>\n\u09ec. Democracy and Development, BUP\/Masro Printing and Packaging Ltd., Dhaka, 1995<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>\u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09ac\u09b0\u09a3 \u0993 \u09ae\u09c2\u09b2\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09df\u09a8<\/p>\n<p>\u09a1. \u0986\u09b9\u09ae\u09a6 \u09af\u09c7 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u0995\u09c7 \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u0995\u09be\u099c \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8 \u09a4\u09be \u09b9\u099a\u09cd\u099b\u09c7 \u09a6\u09c7\u09b6\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09b8\u0982\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09ae\u09c7 \u0985\u0982\u09b6\u0997\u09cd\u09b0\u09b9\u09a3\u0964 \u09aa\u09be\u0995\u09bf\u09b8\u09cd\u09a4\u09be\u09a8\u09c0 \u09b6\u09be\u09b8\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b6\u09cb\u09b7\u09a3\u09c7\u09b0 \u09ac\u09bf\u09b0\u09c1\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09c7 \u09e7\u09ef\u09ec\u09e6-\u098f\u09b0 \u09a6\u09b6\u0995\u09c7 \u0985\u09b0\u09cd\u09a5\u09a8\u09c0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09bf\u09a6 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09ac\u09be\u09a6\u09c0 \u09ac\u09be\u0999\u09be\u09b2\u09c0 \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u0995\u09cd\u09b0\u09bf\u09df \u09ad\u09c2\u09ae\u09bf\u0995\u09be \u09b0\u09c7\u0996\u09c7\u099b\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u09e7\u09ef\u09ed\u09e6 \u09b8\u09be\u09b2\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b6\u09c7\u09b7\u09a6\u09bf\u0995\u09c7\u00a0<span style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE)-<\/span>\u00a0\u098f\u09b0 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a7\u09be\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u09b0\u09cd\u09af\u09be\u09b2\u09df \u0995\u09b0\u09be\u099a\u09c0 \u09a5\u09c7\u0995\u09c7 \u09a2\u09be\u0995\u09be\u09df \u09b8\u09cd\u09a5\u09be\u09a8\u09be\u09a8\u09cd\u09a4\u09b0\u09c7\u09b0 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style=\"font-family: Arial; font-size: small;\">BIDS<\/span>-\u098f \u09ab\u09bf\u09b0\u09c7 \u0986\u09b8\u09c7\u09a8 \u098f\u09ac\u0982 \u098f\u0987 \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09a4\u09bf\u09b7\u09cd\u09a0\u09be\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09aa\u09c1\u09a8\u09b0\u09cd\u0997\u09a0\u09a8 \u0995\u09be\u099c\u09c7 \u0986\u09a4\u09cd\u09ae\u09a8\u09bf\u09df\u09cb\u0997 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964<\/p>\n<p>\u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be \u09b9\u09bf\u09b8\u09c7\u09ac\u09c7 \u09b8\u09ae\u09cd\u09ae\u09be\u09a8 \u0993 \u09b8\u09cd\u09ac\u09c0\u0995\u09c3\u09a4\u09bf\u0987 \u09a4\u09bf\u09a8\u09bf \u099c\u09c0\u09ac\u09a8\u09c7\u09b0 \u09b8\u09b0\u09cd\u09ac\u09cb\u099a\u09cd\u099a \u09aa\u09cd\u09b0\u09be\u09aa\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf \u09ac\u09b2\u09c7 \u09ae\u09a8\u09c7 \u0995\u09b0\u09c7\u09a8\u0964 \u098f\u0995\u099c\u09a8 \u09ae\u09c1\u0995\u09cd\u09a4\u09bf\u09af\u09cb\u09a6\u09cd\u09a7\u09be\u09b0 \u0997\u09c7\u09d7\u09b0\u09ac 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